"What's an Internet, Again?"

Thomas Conner • Feb 28, 2013

My office at 110 30th Ave North is surrounded by windows, offering a nice panoramic view of the west side of town. I probably have the best view of the Vanderbilt football team’s victory flag waving over the stadium, a rarity since it has not had such a lengthy presence during the offseason. Perhaps of more interest to readers of this blog is the 5” pipe protruding from the wall directly behind me. It is partially hidden behind a bookcase and is hardly noticeable since it is only about 8 inches from the floor. In the springtime, baby birds usually chirp incessantly from a well-fortified nest on the other side of the stuffed paper towels that have been crammed in the hole to serve as insulation. 


There is little to suggest now that this was once the gateway to Telalink Corporation’s oh-so-primitive “data center” in the early years and that this pipe would allow for Nashvillians to take their first ride on the ‘Net. It was late summer/early fall 1994, not a particularly fond memory for me as I was still living in Winchester, Kentucky. My father was dying a slow, agonizing death from cancer. My family struggled with how to best care for him but there was no denying that he would not survive, even after radiation, disfiguring surgery and radical doses of chemotherapy. Dad was relegated to a lonely existence of morphine patches, Ensure, “pity” visits from friends and hospice services. I say “lonely” because he was largely left alone much of the day while my mother was teaching and my brother and I both worked. Hospice eventually sent caretakers to sit with him during the day but that was after the morphine made it too dangerous for us to let him be alone. What does this have to do with anything?


On the day that Dad became a hospice patient, a sentencing that did not quite sink in with him since he was planning to get better, I remember telling him that I would see him every single day for the rest of his life (I knew what his hospice patient status meant). My routine was largely to come home from the bank, change and head over to sit with him before dinner. One night, as we watched “NBC Nightly News with Tom Brokaw,” a feature segment about the “World Wide Web” was the headline story. Dad was hardly able to focus but I remember commenting to him, “Dad, can you believe this stuff? They’re talking about doing business, advertising, listening to music, connecting businesses to customers with ‘web sites.‘ This is like some kind of science fiction thing. This will never happen any time soon. This kind of stuff has gotta be decades away, don’t you think, Dad?” He agreed with me but the truth was quite different. Dad was slowly dying, not unlike his clothing manufacturing company which was shuttered a few years before, just a distant memory. Far from the dead and dying, my friends Bill, Tim and Tommy were in Nashville, birthing and raising one of the earliest ISP’s right off of West End Avenue, helping to sweep in the new economy that would change the world forever. 


A small advertisement in the Nashville Scene was sufficient to lure a few hundred customers to Telalink right out of the gate. The rapid pace that these entrepreneurs had to keep to stay just slightly ahead of the growing user base could be likened to that “I Love Lucy” scene, the one where she and Ethel are trying to wrap the candies on the conveyor belt before they go by and the process just keeps speeding up. I don’t really know who did what but I do know that Tim was programming some of the first websites in town. Smokey Mountain Knifeworks, Davis-Kidd, an ad agency that was famous for its jingles. I’m going to have to let him name them. Bill, on the other hand, was battling the whole modem/Bitsurfer configuration and trying to keep enough phone lines open to handle the demand for service...which, brings us back to the pipe in the wall...


BellSouth was obligated to sell phone service to the office at a residential rate, which was a cost advantage for Telalink. The problem was that BellSouth was not exactly thrilled with delivering all of these phone lines to a condo off of West End Ave for the lower margin service and, often, they became somewhat slow to reply to Telalink’s new orders. This constant battle with the monopolistic Ma Bell of Nashville would last until July 4, 1996 when the game changed but that is for a later story. At some point, the orders were so great, that BellSouth had to cut a hole and insert the “bird-house” pipe in the wall of the Telalink data center to accommodate all of the lines. What used to be someone’s bedroom (I think it was Tommy’s) became the designated location for Bitsurfers, modems, routers, hubs, switches and web servers, all of which were starting to pile up fast. 


Albie Del Favero and Bruce Dobie owned the Nashville Scene back then. In early 1995, these guys jumped on the ‘Net. They worked out a deal with Telalink to get the Scene online in exchange for advertising. WSMV/Channel 4, did the same thing. Hammock Publishing, Curb Records and Griffin Technology, to name a few, were soon to follow. They needed access and they needed websites. Telalink was eager to get out in front, especially because Telalink wasn’t just selling dial-up accounts. They were selling ISDN access- twice the speed of regular dial-up service. I am sure that someone will correct me but I think a single channel ISDN dial-up account was 64K and most regular accounts were 28.8K. 


Tim kept the books in MultiLedger. Bill devised a billing system with FileMaker Pro and started building on an idea that the lads had conceived earlier- Nashville.net- a website that acted like a “virtual community” where websites would all be represented on a caricature map of the city of Nashville. You should check this out: http://bit.ly/XJHTKV. Truly, these guys were ahead of their time. Already, they were imagining the web as a thriving community with opportunities for commerce soon to come. 


As much work as it took to: launch a start-up ISP on a shoestring budget; develop a competitive pricing strategy; handle an avalanche of sales calls; negotiate strategic trades; craft a technical support policy; manage exponential growth; learn HTML well enough to know that good programmers don’t necessarily make for good web designers (and vice versa); establish a users’ starter kit (complete with NetScape Navigator download!); do a little accounting and billing ever so often; battle daily with BellSouth; and constantly buy and install more hardware; the Telalink team was having fun and attracting some of the most brilliant minds around. The Telalink “Intern” program spawned an unbelievable number of successes, something I will address in another posting. Indeed, Telalink in 1995 was the wild frontier in more ways than one. Parties on the roof were legendary. All night video game marathons were common. Work or play, it was never a dull moment. 


After my dad died on October 9, 1994, I became restless in my hometown. After a few months of finalizing Dad’s affairs, I decided to get away from things and headed to Nashville to meet up with some friends for the Vanderbilt-Kentucky men’s basketball game. I called Bill Butler to let him know that I would be in town. “That’s great! I need to talk to you about something,” he said. “Can you come over after the game? I want to show you our Internet company.”


“Cool,” I said. “What’s an Internet, again?” 



To be continued....


By Thomas Conner 16 Sep, 2014
As the summer of 1999 neared an end, so, too, did the independent life of Telalink Corporation. A “novel-thick” merger agreement with PSINet was nearing its final draft stage. Amidst the fine details being reviewed and re-reviewed, the Telalink leadership had to settle on a few things before we could sign the agreement and close the deal.
By Thomas Conner 02 May, 2014
In the summer of 1999, PSINet was performing its due diligence prior to the acquisition of Telalink and it provided our first insight into one of PSINet's more colorful personalities - our soon-to-be new boss.
By Thomas Conner 05 Dec, 2013
Fourteen years after Telalink was sold to PSINet, the story behind the deal offers an intriguing look into how a Nashville-based Internet service provider navigated its way through the "speed-dating" process that ultimately resulted in its acquisition.
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It's kind of like high school- who likes whom; who's doing what to get whose attention; whose parents are allowing whom to do what and when with each other. Except no curfews and everyone wanted the geeks.
By Thomas Conner 27 Sep, 2013
Telalink was on its way to hitting $1 million in sales that fall. To celebrate, I called a surprise meeting one evening, announced that we had officially become a $1 million company and invited everyone for dinner at Amerigo’s by way of the longest stretch limousine that I could find in Nashville. The million dollar sales mark was such a landmark, and yet, we felt that we were just at the beginning. It was hard to look beyond Nashville with all of the opportunities in front of us.
By Thomas Conner 30 Aug, 2013
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By Thomas Conner 14 Jul, 2013
This is a story about how some basic accounting and being part of the most intriguing industry in the world paid off for the Telalink peeps.
By Thomas Conner 17 Jun, 2013
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By Thomas Conner 20 May, 2013
My first day at Telalink Corporation, October 11, 1995, was fascinating. I had not been in the office for more than an hour when I received my first phone call. Actually, my desk, computer and phone were not actually set up yet so Mary Watkins, Bill’s mother, took the call. “It’s someone from the Winchester Police Department. Evidently, the neighbor whom you paid to clean out your basement and garage broke into your house and stole a window air conditioner,” said Mary. “The policeman wants to know if you want to press charges.” One of my neighbors was battling a drinking problem. When he was sober, he was a great guy. When he got drunk, he became somewhat mischievous. I gave a hundred dollar bill to another neighbor who agreed to be the escrow agent. If neighbor #1 (the beer lover) cleaned the basement (it was really a cellar. This was a century old house that had belonged to my grandmother) and hauled off all of the trash, neighbor #2 would transfer the $100 to him. Neighbor #1 performed to expectation. Neighbor #2 paid neighbor #1. Evidently, neighbor #1 then proceeded to liquor store #1 and perhaps liquor stores #2, #3 and #4 where he proceeded to convert the $100 into another form of liquid asset. He imbibed the rest of the day and found the courage to claim a small window air conditioner as a bonus. Neighbor #2 was able to watch neighbor #1 break into my house and find his way to a second floor bedroom before the commotion erupted during the air-conditionerctomy. “No need to press charges,” I said. “Tell him to put the AC back and stay out of my house. I’m about to rent it out and if he does something like that again, I’ll have to take a more punitive approach.” Sadly, my new renter proved to be a colorful enough character in her own right but I will save that for another day. Much was happening at Telalink in those days. Joel Moses was dedicating his weekly column in the Nashville Scene to all things Internet. He was giving Telalink plenty of good coverage and Channel 4 (WSMV) traded out commercial spots (“Internet! Twice the Speed! $35!”) in exchange for their own website and access. In fact, not long after the web came along, local news stories about porn on the web were gaining in popularity. It seemed like Tim, ordained by the Nashville media as the foremost authority on Internet porn, was always on the news, discussing the latest trends in the more salacious content on the ‘Net. Bill once commented that he knew that we were on to something when pornographers, gamblers and churches all wanted on the Internet. By this time in the story, Tommy was out, although he was still in. Still an equal shareholder with Tim and Bill, and still a resident of 110 30th Ave N, Tommy decided that this was no life for him and he opted to take a full time job with Vanderbilt. Not long after I arrived, we all agreed that the best arrangement was for me to simply buy him out. That would free him of any responsibilities as a principal and it would validate the importance of my position, not only as the financial officer, but hopefully as leader, negotiator, organizer, and strategist. For example: Issue #1: ITS Communications found out about Telalink and approached Bill about reselling Telalink service as its own service in the Nashville market. Telalink would get paid $10/month per customer. ITS would sell and support the service. While this sounded like an easy deal, ITS sold the hell out of the service and, if I am not mistaken, they sold it unlimited internet access, a still-new concept. Telalink customers were only allowed 30 hours a month but that was soon doubled to keep up with the competition. You see, unless we had an available phone number for every customer to be able to dial into our service at the same time, the first hapless soul to dial in when all of the lines were occupied would get a busy signal. Remember the early ads “no busies?” So, part of the challenge was to limit usage and kick people off after a certain amount of time online. We also gambled that not everyone would dial in at the same time. However, when ITS private-labeled Telalink service, the model was nearly blown up because they were selling accounts faster than we could add phone lines and ITS support was terrible. Back then, customers needed a lot of help, and some luck, to get online. Telalink had created an installer kit that got users set up and it included a free version of Netscape Navigator. ITS customers started to figure out that they were actually just dialing into Telalink and, because they could not get adequate assistance from ITS, they would just call us. Bill was not happy with the arrangement so I read the contract that they signed. It looked pretty simple to me. All we had to do what was give ITS 60 days notice of our intent to cancel. So, I wrote a letter to ITS, referenced the agreement, sent it overnight and added that we would only agree to renew at $35/month per customer. We got an instant response. They argued that this was the same price at which they were selling the service and this would kill their model. We agreed but showed no signs of letting up. If I recall, we were able to triple our ITS revenue for about 4 months while slowing down our phone line orders to a more reasonable level, not that Bellsouth was cooperating with our requests anyway (see paragraph 5 of http://www.thomasbconner.com/post/2013/02/28/whats-an-internet-again.582282). ITS decided to leave us and we were happy to dissolve our association. Suddenly, we had plenty of capacity to grow our customer base. Issue #2: As I recall, Bob was traveling back and forth to “Convent Place” quite a lot in my first few days at Telalink. Part of the reason was related to sheer brilliance. Telalink worked a deal with Charles, the owner, who had converted an old convent into an eclectic assortment of offices, yoga, banquet space, etc. The deal was that we would feed the entire building with a big pipeline of dedicated internet access and then break out lines to individual subscribers throughout the building. It would be a very cool amenity- one of the first “wired” buildings in Nashville...and Telalink’s margins would be very attractive. The not-so-brilliant part was the idea that we would move half of our personnel to Convent Place. Now, at the time, Telalink occupied two condos, conjoined by an enclosed upstairs landing. That’s a total of two kitchens, 4 bathrooms and total of 7 rooms (one was already our server room) that could be used for office space/work stations. Why would we need to split up our team and occupy space in another building? While it first appeared that we had no room, it was also true that Tim and Timmy still lived there. Bill moved out and his bedroom became our shared office along with Scott Holden, “aka Splotchy.” To learn more about Splotchy, go here . In addition, Vanderbilt friend, Dave Tempero (currently IS Business Manager for Network Systems at Nintendo), had his consulting business, Sector 3, operating out of one of the rooms. Finally, there was one more consulting company called Nvision, owned by Shawn Yeager, and I really never knew him or what his company did. He was sort of like Lazlo from Real Genius. Ever so often, I would see Shawn come and go with nothing more than a “Hey, how are you?” and then he would disappear. My point was that it seemed really important to me that we should try to work near one another (i.e. in the same office space), at least until I got a little more familiar with the basics- the who, what, where, when, why, and how of Telalink. In other words, it might be time for some other folks to move out so that we would have enough room for Telalink staff. No move to Convent Place. Issue #3: No insurance. None. On anything or anyone. All I can say is that the first insurance sales person who cold-called me was a lucky man. Until I could get a business commercial liability policy, workers compensation insurance and health insurance coverage for everyone, I went to bed dreaming of catastrophes, injuries and other unsavory workplace disasters that would render Telalink to the status of defendant or debtor. Issue #4: No staff meetings. What I remember were one-on-one conversations and debates between Bill and Robert Beckett, Bob and Robert, Bill and Bob, Splotchy and “the fat guy,” as he was occasionally called and almost everyone had some kind of crude comment to share with Tim in the event that Feisty (Tim’s cat) pooped on a cable or someone’s work area. Izzy, the other office cat, was generally well liked, as was Feisty, but Feisty was unbelievably artful in her fecal distributions throughout the office. I decreed that we would have weekly, face-to face meetings and, accordingly, would take notes. This proved to be a challenge. First, Bob spoke too fast. Secondly, it seemed like everyone spoke in code with letters: TCP/IP, HTML, ISDN, T1, T3, FTP, 56K, 28.8, Bitsurfr, blah, blah blah. At one point, in the midst of a spirited debate between Bill and someone, probably Bob or Robert, his passionate argument boiled down to one Shakespearean moment when he declared, “The Radius MUST authenticate to the Sparc!” He even used hand gestures. I had scribbled indecipherable comments throughout our first staff meeting but there was one thing that resonated, “The Radius must authenticate to the Sparc.” I thought to myself that if there is one thing that you take away from this meeting today, you will believe with all of your heart and all of your soul that the “Radius must authenticate to the Sparc.” The moment came for the scribe to report what was said earlier about something so I re-read my notes. “Bob said something about something that I did not understand. Bill disagreed. Robert disagreed with Bill but said Bob was wrong too....Let’s see, something, something, something and, oh, Bill says, ‘The Radius MUST authenticate to the Sparc.’ That’s really all I got.” Everyone laughed. It must have been funny. Don’t ask me why. Seventeen years later, I still don’t know what they were talking about. By the way, Robert Beckett is now Services Technical Leader for Cisco Systems. You can see him, still talking code, here.  Our meeting adjourned and we reconvened at either Harvey Washbanger's or Rio Bravo. I forget which but it HAD to be one or the other.
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